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2000s
Special> CPC Celebrates 90th Anniversary 1921-2011> Previous Covers> 2000s
UPDATED: October 18, 2011 NO. 39, 2004
A Smooth Transition
By TANG QINGHUA
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CPC Rolls Out New Military Leadership

A change in leadership of the Central Military Commission (CMC) of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and a focus on improving the Party's capacity in governing the country were the highlights of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee on September 16-19.

Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and President of China, succeeded Jiang Zemin as Chairman of the CMC. Guo Boxiong, Cao Gangchuan and Xu Caihou were elected as vice chairmen of the CMC. Members of the CMC are Liang Guanglie, Li Jinai, Liao Xilong, Chen Bingde, Qiao Qingchen, Zhang Dingfa and Jing Zhiyuan.

Hu Jintao

- Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the CPC

A native of Jixi County, Anhui Province, Hu was born in December 1942. In 1959, he was enrolled by Tsinghua University and graduated from the Hydraulic Engineering Department in 1965.

Hu began to work at the grass-roots level in west China's Gansu Province in 1968, remaining there until 1982 when he became a secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China and chairman of the All-China Youth Federation. Beginning in 1985, he was appointed, successively, secretary of the CPC Guizhou Provincial Committee and of the CPC Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee.

In 1992, 49-year-old Hu was elected member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at the First Plenum of the 14th CPC Central Committee, which was then widely considered as an important step the CPC had taken toward generational transition of the central leadership.

From 1993 to the end of 2002, Hu was concurrently president of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee, which has been the training base for senior CPC cadres and a backbone of theoretical studies over the past 70 years.

In September 1997, Hu was re-elected member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at the First Plenum of the 15th CPC Central Committee.

Hu became vice president of China in March 1998 and vice chairman of the CMC in September 1999.

In November 2002, Hu was elected general secretary of the CPC Central Committee at the 16th National Congress of the CPC.

In March 2003, Hu was elected president of China at the First Session of the 10th National People's Congress, the top legislature of the country.

In September 2004, Hu was elected chairman of the CMC.

Guo Boxiong

- Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the CPC

A native of Liquan, Shaanxi Province, Guo was born in July 1942 and is of the Han ethnic group. He joined the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in August 1961 and graduated from the PLA Military Academy with a university education. Guo holds the military rank of general. He joined the CPC in March 1963.

Guo is currently a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the CMC, executive deputy chief of the Headquarters of the General Staff of the PLA and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the Headquarters of the General Staff of the PLA.

1958-61: Worker at the No. 408 Factory of Xingping County, Shaanxi.

1961-64: Soldier, deputy squad leader and squad leader of the Eighth Company of the 164th Regiment of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1964-65: Platoon Commander of the Eighth Company of 164th Regiment of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1965-66: Staff member of the Publicity Group of the Political Section of the 164th Regiment of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1966-70: Staff of the Combat Training Group of the Headquarters of the 164th Regiment of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1970-71: Leader of the Combat Training Group of the Headquarters of the 164th Regiment of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1971-81: Staff officer, deputy head and head of the Combat Training Section of the Headquarters of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1981-82: Chief of staff of the 55th Division of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force (Studied at the Military Academy of the PLA from September 1981 to July 1983).

1982-83: Deputy director of the Combat Department of the Headquarters of the Lanzhou Military Area Command.

1983-85: Chief of staff of the 19th Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1985-90: Deputy chief of staff of the Lanzhou Military Area Command.

1990-93: Commander of the 47th Group Army of the PLA Ground Force.

1993-97: Deputy commander of the Beijing Military Area Command.

1997-99: Commander of the Lanzhou Military Area Command.

1999-2002: Member of the CMC, executive deputy general chief of staff of the PLA and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the PLA General Staff.

2002-04: Member of the CMC, executive deputy chief of the Headquarters of the General Staff of the PLA and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the Headquarters of the General Staff of the PLA.

September 2004: Vice chairman of the CMC of the CPC.

Cao Gangchuan

- Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the CPC

A native of Wugang, Henan Province, Cao Gangchuan was born in December 1935 of the Han ethnic group. He joined the PLA in July 1954 and the CPC in July 1956. Graduated from the Military Engineering School of the Artillery Corps of the Soviet Union, he holds the military rank of general.

Cao is now a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the CMC of the CPC, and director and secretary of the Party committee of the PLA General Armament Department.

1954-56: Student of Nanjing Third Artillery Ordnance Technical School and No.1 Ordnance Technical School; teacher of the No.1 Ordnance Technical School in 1956.

1956-57: Student of the PLA Dalian Russian-Language School.

1957-63: Student of Military Engineering School of the Artillery Corps of the Soviet Union.

1963-69: Assistant of Ammunition Division of Ordnance Department of the PLA General Logistics Department.

1969-75: Assistant of Munitions Division of Military Equipment Department of the PLA General Logistics Department.

1975-82: Staff officer and deputy director of General Planning Division of Military Equipment Department of the PLA Headquarters of the Genera! Staff.

1982-89: Deputy director of Military Equipment Department of the PLA Headquarters of the General Staff.

1989-90: Director of Military Affairs Department of the PLA Headquarters of the General Staff.

1990-92: Director of the Office of Military Trade of the CMC.

1992-96: Deputy chief of the General Staff of the PLA.

1996-98: Minister of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.

1998-98: Director of the PLA General Armament Department.

1998-2002: Member of the CMC; director and secretary of the Party committee of the PLA General Armament Department.

2002-September 2004: Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the CMC; director and secretary of the Party committee of the PLA General Armament Department.

Xu Caihou

- Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the CPC

Xu Caihou, a native of Wafangdian, Liaoning Province, was born in June 1943. He joined the army in August 1963 and the CPC in April 1971. Graduated from the Electronics Engineering Department of Harbin Institute of Military Engineering, Xu holds the military rank of general.

Xu is now vice chairman of the CMC, member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, director of the General Political Department of the PLA and concurrently secretary of the Discipline Inspection Committee of the Central Military Commission.

1963-68: Student in the Electronics Engineering Department of the Harbin Institute of Military Engineering.

1968-70: Sent to the farm of the 39th Army to do manual labor.

1970-71: Sent as a soldier to the Sixth Company, the Second Battalion of the Third Regiment of the Independent Division of the Jilin Provincial Military Command.

1971-72: Deputy political instructor of the Second Company of the First Battalion of the Third Artillery Regiment of the Third Division of the Garrison of the Shenyang Military Area Command.

1972-82: Secretary and deputy chief of the Personnel Division of the Political Department of the Jilin Military Area Command (studied at the PLA Institute of Political Sciences from October 1980 to August 1982).

1982-83: Chief of the Personnel Division of the Political Department of the Jilin Provincial Military Command and concurrently chief of the office for retirees.

1983-84: Deputy director of the Political Department of the Jilin Provincial Military Command.

1984-85: Director of the Mass Work Section of the Political Department of the Shenyang Military Area Command.

1985-90: Director of the Political Department of the 16th Group Army of the Ground Force.

1990-92: Political commissar of the 16th Group Army of the Ground Force.

1992-93: Assistant to the director of the PLA General Political Department.

1993: Assistant to the director of the PLA General Political Department and concurrently director of the Liberation Army Daily.

1993-94: Deputy director of the PLA General Political Department and concurrently director of the Liberation Army Daily.

1994-96: Deputy director of the PLA General Political Department.

1996-99: Political commissar of the Jinan Military Area Command.

1999-2000: Member of the CMC and executive deputy director of the PLA General Political Department.

2000-02: Member of the CMC and executive deputy director of the PLA General Political Department and concurrently secretary of the Discipline Inspection Committee of the Central Military Commission and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the PLA General Political Department.

2002: Member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, member of the CMC, director of the PLA General Political Department and concurrently secretary of the Discipline Inspection Committee of the CMC.

In March 2003, he was also appointed vice chairman of the CMC of the CPC, and reappointed in September 2004.

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