Ansai, a county located in Shaanxi Province, became famous for its waist drum dance, large-scale folk event that dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770 B.C.-476 B.C.) in Chinese history and is popular on the Loess Plateau in central China. Farmers there celebrate festivals by staging a large-scale Ansai Waist Drum Dance. The number of drummers performing together can reach from 500 to 1,000 and the energy of performers is a sight not to be forgotten. In 1996, Ansai County was named "the hometown of the Chinese waist drum." Today, Ansai Waist Drum Dance is facing a big challenge with the decreasing number of performers, even in Ansai County itself. Urgent attention is needed to ensure continuity of this art form.