"The relations between the United States and Japan are closer but they are more a military alliance, a product of Cold-War thinking," said Fu. Currently the world is facing more non-traditional threats such as international terrorism, natural disasters, environmental deterioration, pollution and sea channel security, which cannot be tackled by such an alliance, he believes. "China's role is gradually recognized by an increasing number of U.S. high officials," Fu said.

U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Bob Zoellick made a keynote speech on China policy on September 21, stating the critical need for America to cooperate effectively with an emerging China to safeguard many common interests shared by the two powers. Given China's growing economic and political influence, Zoellick asked China to be "a responsible stakeholder" to work with the United States to sustain the current international system.

"Zoellick's speech can be taken as a cornerstone for the Bush administration's China policy, which apparently takes a pragmatic and balanced approach toward China's development," said Li Xiaogang, a researcher with the Institute of American Studies under the CASS. He added that Bush's visit is tantamount to "a public show of his own endorsement of the policy of promoting constructive cooperation" with the world's biggest developing country and fastest-growing economy.

Notably, Bush, in a major speech on his Asia policy during his tour of Japan on November 16, dropped the words "strategic competitor" to describe China, a phrase he often used in the early days of his first term.

Li emphasized that such a policy shift signals Washington's recognition that it can foster cooperative relationship with China to jointly address various global challenges despite their vast differences.

High-Level Visits

"The most important feature of Sino-U.S. relations this year is that the United States pays more attention to the rise of China's strength, in nearly all fields," said Wang Jisi, Dean of the School of International Studies, Peking University.

According to Wang, the United States has a full and clear estimation of the development of China's strength in the military, economic and political fields. However, different interest groups in the United States have different opinions about this development. "Some see threats, some see opportunities, and some are confused. That is why China has witnessed so many high-level exchanges with the United States this year," he noted.

On March 20, U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice landed in Beijing, on the last leg of her six-nation tour of Asia, marking her first trip to Beijing after taking office.

Only four months later, she was back in Beijing on July 9. Her visit was followed by that of Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez the very next day to attend the 16th meeting of the Sino-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade. This was the second visit to China of the hardliner within two months.

On August 1, China and the United States held their first high-level strategic dialogue and Zoellick headed his delegation that engaged the Chinese side on politics, economy and security.

U.S. Treasury Secretary John W. Snow started his eight-day visit to Shanghai, Shenyang and Beijing on October 12. The two sides exchanged their views on finance and currency.

While Snow was still in China, U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld started his first visit to China on October 18 after taking office in 2001. Experts say the visit by the representatives of U.S. hawks sent a signal to the world that military exchanges between China and the United States would be upgraded.

On November 15, former U.S. President George H.W. Bush, together with Califomian Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger came to China to participate in a series of high-level forums on Sino-U.S. relations.

"In the past, Washington regarded Beijing as a potential challenger. By contrast, now it recognizes Beijing as a stakeholder. This reflects that the United States starts to show respect to China's current status on the global arena," said Yan Xuetong, Director of the Institute of International Studies of Tsinghua University. "Just like Zoellick said in his speech, the China of today is simply not the Soviet Union of the late 1940s," Yan said.

According to Yan, all U.S. officials who came to China have a common sense that ' China's development cannot be contained, and a containment policy against China cannot stop the country's progress.